Continue reading to find out more about the advantages of burning herbal smoke wands, common herbs used to make smoke wands (+ their spiritual meanings and uses), as well as how you can craft your own herbal smoke wand at home to enhance your general well-being. Let’s get started!

Benefits of Using Herbal Smoke Wands

Smoke wands have a reputation for clearing the energy in a room, removing low frequencies and negativity surrounding spaces, people, and objects.  

In addition to its purifying properties, the fragrant smoke produced by herbal smoke wands has a pleasant aroma that promotes emotions of serenity and tranquility, relieves headaches, and improves cognitive ability:

Purification

If done correctly, smoke cleansing will purify almost any area. Any negative energy and evil spirits can be driven out of your workstation by burning herbs like lavender, pine, or palo santo and keeping the windows open.

This, however, extends beyond the restricted spiritual cleaning. Sage smoke purification in particular may have a negligible positive impact on your health. White sage has antibacterial properties, making it capable of warding off harmful microorganisms including fungi and diseases.

Reduce Stress + Boost Your Mood (Naturally)

Everyone experiences mild tension from time to time! Consider smoke cleansing when your days are difficult and things aren’t working your way. The body can be soothed by herbs like sandalwood, lavender, and peppermint, which can also assist in reducing tension. Light the dried bundle of incense and set it up in your room to get the most out of these plants. Release any stress in your body as you inhale the cleansing smoke.

Ease Headaches & Improve Cognition

Did you know that the smoke from cedar, sage, peppermint, and pine can improve cognition in addition to burning strongly and fragrantly? Herbs with strong or enticing scents can be smoked to increase alertness and clear your mind, similar to how stress and sleep aids do. Try a dehumidifier with essential oils or oils in salt to completely capture their cognition-healing properties if you don’t want to smoke cleanse but want the same result!

While excessive smoke can contribute to headaches, some herbal smoke wands can actually provide relief. For example, Palo Santo can help to relieve tension headaches and drive away the aftereffects of a restless night or loud noises. Burning it will also enable you to experience powerful emotional cleansing because it is a holy wood.

Choose Your Herbs (6 Top Smokeable Herbs)

Because of its purifying properties in ceremonial rituals and meditation, Sage is the most popular variety of herb used in smoke wands. It is not the only choice available, though. Plants such as juniper, lavender, mugwort, cedar, and rosemary are also excellent for clearing smoke! Sage is also widely used simply because it is commonly available in most metaphysical shops.

Whatever herb you decide to use, it is best to be aware of the herbs’ common associations before gathering them for smoke clearing, especially if you have specific goals in mind.

Here’s a quick list of our top favorite herbs to burn:

1. SAGE: Sage clears and purifies an area. It works best as a foundation for other sweet-smelling plants like rose and lavender.
2. JUNIPER: Juniper is a herb of grace, enduring power, and protection. This herb is the best choice for finding love and returning to self-love.
3. CEDAR: The woodsy aroma of cedar makes any space seem cozy. It frequently connotes rebirth and rootedness.
4. ROSE: You guessed it correctly! Roses are for luring romantic love into one’s life. Roses are also frequently associated with prosperity and victory, making it a herb that is excellent for manifestation.
5. LAVENDER: Lavender is the color of femininity and all the qualities that go with it, such as grace, beauty, and a connection to nature. It promotes healing, safety, and mental peace.
6. FRANKINCENSE: Frankincense creates a woody, aromatic scent that promotes solitude and sacredness. Frankincense is ideal for deity and ancestral altars.

How to Make a Herbal Smoke Wand

To make an herbal smoke wand, trim the chosen herbs to the proper length before using them. You will need a pair of scissors, some string (jute, cotton, hemp, or linen works best), and 15 to 20 sprigs of your preferred herbs for this method. Make sure the herbs you choose to combine work well together. Floral and citrus scents pair well with woodsy aromas like cedar, juniper, and sage. If you’re feeling particularly creative, you might accent your selected woody base with rose petals and a piece of dried orange or lemon.

Next, neatly bind your herbs together in a bundle from bottom to top using your string. It can be helpful to make a loop at the base of the stems using your string and secure it with a knot. To tightly tie the herbs together, wrap the thread’s loose end around your wand several times until you run out of string. Be sure to leave little spaces so the string can catch the herbs or flowers once they have completely dried!

After trimming the herbs that protrude from the bundle, let it dry for at least two weeks if you’re using freshly picked herbs. You can use a match or burning candle to light them once they are prepared.

These smoke wands are excellent gifts as well as amazing spiritual aids for energy work such as tarot reading, meditation, or witchcraft!

DISCLAIMER:

ALWAYS BE MINDFUL OF BURNING HERBAL SMOKE WANDS AND TAKE NECESSARY SAFETY PRECAUTIONS.

The post Herbal Smoke Wands: Benefits & How to Make Your Own (2025) appeared first on Sage & Moon.

Witchcraft can mean a variety of things, depending on who you ask.

Witchcraft has a long history of being a misunderstood practice. Numerous innocent women were executed at the stake in the past for engaging in witchcraft. Once Christianity started to take over the world, being dubbed a “witch” was feared and considered to be a treacherous, disgusting thing.

Some people still view witchcraft as “evil”, involving gruesome blood rituals and covert, unreliable cults, even in modern times. Others may believe that witchcraft isn’t “real,” buying into Hollywood’s portrayal of witches and their practice, which features flying brooms and fictitious spells and skills like to those in Harry Potter. In either case, it isn’t taken seriously or regarded as legitimate.

To add to the confusion, witchcraft is also frequently mistaken for the tradition and religion of Wicca. Although witchcraft and Wicca are often practiced together, they are two separate and wholly different things.

Witchcraft has, however, grown much more widespread and tolerated in society as a result of its expanding popularity and the rise in the number of people who practice it in recent years.

Witchcraft is not a religion, but a practice.

Witchcraft is highly spiritual for some people and integrated with various religious beliefs. However, most people’s experiences with witchcraft are deeply personal and unconstrained by any particular religious or spiritual beliefs.

It’s crucial to keep in mind that there is no one, clear-cut definition of witchcraft. You may have arrived at this page seeking a definition of witchcraft or instructions on how to conduct it.

Is there a step-by-step manual for those who want to investigate its power and magic? Unfortunately, there is not.

And, perhaps, that is the most alluring aspect of witchcraft.

Despite its many variations and ambiguities, witchcraft’s core principle is that a closer connection to oneself is necessary to investigate the energy that envelopes us each minute. It places a strong emphasis on cultivating intuition as well as learning about and utilizing the mysteries of nature (i.e. energy, elements, plants, etc).

Fundamentally, witchcraft is about our innate power to manipulate the way we experience reality. In this post, we’ll be going over how to become a witch, types of witchcraft, beginning your craft, spellcasting & magic(k), things every new witch needs to know, and more!

HOW TO BECOME A WITCH

Witchcraft is fundamentally the actualization of focused intention. Your will shapes your desire, causing it to materialize.

To perform witchcraft, no pre-requisite beliefs are required. No institution or rulebook dictates the behaviors and information you will accept. You are in charge of your own life, and the only thing that qualifies you as a witch is your decision to engage in witchcraft.

The fact that there is no set of standardized beliefs or rules for witchcraft also gives you the freedom to choose the activities that comprise your craft and to connect with other witches who have a similar craft.

Two witches can take totally different paths while still exhibiting respect and appreciation for the same earthly world. Witchcraft’s power and your ability to influence changes in the world stem from this diversion from strict definition.

Nevertheless, novice witches frequently acquire three key personal traits that will aid in the advancement of their craft: insight, energy management, and the power of will.

Insight

Insight is increasing your sensitivity to the world around you. This involves a heightened awareness of oneself, others, the natural world, and the spiritual realm.

Some people are naturally more perceptive than others, but anyone can learn to be more perceptive by simply becoming more self-aware, empathic, and intuitive. Our capacity to appropriately identify ourselves is a sign of self-awareness. We accomplish this by focusing on ourselves and comparing what we think about ourselves to objective realities.

To demonstrate empathy, we must comprehend and share the sentiments of others. This ability and, thus, our awareness, are developed through focusing on the needs of others. It is possible to understand something intuitively without using conscious thought. By having profound confidence in ourselves and acting on it to work our craft, we may use this ability to improve our lives.

Energy Management

Energy is a crucial component of many witches’ practices because it is what keeps the world spinning. To manage your energy like a pro, make sure you get enough sleep and eat a healthy, earth-based diet to keep your body and mind in tip-top shape.

And after laying a solid foundation, you might want to think about the energy management strategies of increasing energy, projecting energy, sensing energy, and absorbing energy.

• Raising Energy: the process of establishing a certain frequency of energy inside of yourself (emotions work well for this) and elevating that energy to a much more potent state.
• Projecting Energy: the capacity to transfer your internal energy to another person, thing, or desired outcome. It is the movement of energy between two locations.
• Sensing Energy: The capacity to traverse, describe and classify various energy sources into an emotion, an idea, or a frequency.
• Absorption Energy: The capacity to purposefully draw in desirable energies to achieve your desired outcomes. For instance, relaxing energies may be absorbed to reduce tension if you’re feeling it.

Power of Will

The ability of power of will requires us to cultivate a powerful mind. The ability to create and bring about changes in our life comes from the mind.

Witches occasionally opt to strengthen their minds in three different ways, such as by being consistent, controlling their subconscious, and intentional focusing. You will achieve better results by consistent dedication to your craft than by dabbling. The witch who practices regularly develops her skills and sharpens her abilities.

Many people are unaware that their subconscious beliefs and programming dictate a great bulk of their daily behaviors. Witches are aware of this, and to eliminate undesirable effects from our magic, we deliberately reprogram limiting ideas, untruths, and negative energies every day.

Focus is the capacity to maintain mental concentration on a single task at a time. Spellwork requires mental concentration to guarantee that the desired result is crystal clear and unambiguous.

TYPES OF WITCHES

There are numerous traditions, styles, paths, and organizational structures associated with witchcraft. This holds true for any group of individuals who want to use ritual to proclaim their divinity.

A method to categorize your practice is as a “type” of Witch.

This can help you connect with other witches, easily describe how you practice your Craft, learn more about your particular method, and more. Some Witches choose not to label themselves at all, while others prefer to categorize themselves according to their route (e.g., Right Hand Path Witch), their deity (e.g., Aphrodite Worshipper), their magickal practice (e.g., Cosmic Witch), or their magick.

Ultimately, it’s up to you to choose how you identify yourself (if at all).

TRADITIONAL WITCH

Traditional witches emphasize the old ways—the ways that existed before religions centered on witchcraft. Traditional witches place a high value on ancestral folklore and historical records of witchcraft because they seek to preserve the original practices of their profession.

Traditional witchcraft is a great place to start since it combines the various fragments of old witchcraft with contemporary folk-based rituals and beliefs. The current operational definition is based on these commonalities and customs.

It’s essential to understand that there are various traditions of witchcraft and that adhering to a set of guidelines isn’t necessary to be a traditional witch. Any new witch should start with traditional witchcraft if they are drawn to ancestor tradition and feel a connection to the “old ways” of doing things.

ECLECTIC WITCH

The eclectic witch is inspired by the various forms and styles of witchcraft and incorporates these elements into their work in a masterfully crafted mixture. An eclectic witch typically forges their own path, which varies from witch to witch.

Eclectic witchcraft is a way of life that draws from a wide range of customs, cultures, and inspirations. It is a path that is continuously changing and gloriously colorful. A Witch who takes this route is likely to start out using the practices and tools that feel the most natural to them before becoming deeply interested in learning why and how those particular tools fit into their profession in a magical setting.

The discerning Eclectic Witch goes to great lengths to make sure that all tools and traditions used in their affairs fit together cohesively in order to ensure that the magic is sound. And because they are open and welcoming of many diverse backgrounds, Eclectic Witches are continually shifting and broadening witchcraft in new and fascinating ways.

GREEN WITCH

More than most, green witches are drawn to the energy of the soil. They frequently practice their art in gardens, woodland areas, and other places that possess nature’s vital energies since they use plants, herbs, and flowers in much of their magick.

One who has a penchant for herbs and a green thumb is not always a “Green Witch.” Every day, the natural world is all around us and provides for us in ways that most people aren’t even aware of.

The green earth is the source of everything we consume, including the food we eat, the air we breathe, and the water we drink. Green Witches are so inspired by this constant renewal that they feel called to practice their craft by working with plant energies and earth mother spirits.

Green witchcraft is all about allowing the natural energies of nature to permeate everything you do and allowing yourself to be open to those rhythms. Green witchcraft might be a natural fit for you if you enjoy spending time in nature, respect the forests, listen to peaceful streams, and are aware of the energetic properties of plants.

SOLITARY WITCH

A solitary witch decides to engage in solo practice of their art,  where a coven of witches will be attracted to congregate. Solitary witches typically choose to practice their magick alone since they develop a deep bond with their profession early on and feel less of a desire to collaborate with others.

Most people who follow the path of solitary witchcraft do so by themselves. There are numerous benefits to taking this route. Perhaps there aren’t any covens or groups of witches nearby. Or perhaps you’re still developing your confidence and would prefer to handle things on your own. Solitary Witchcraft is ideal for you in either case.

You don’t require anything special to get started, although effective Solitary Witches nurture a few essential qualities. Organization, commitment, mental strength, and effective time management are a few of these qualities.

It’s important for you as a Solitary Witch to manage your time well and make magic a regular part of your life, because it’s easy to let the days and weeks pass without even the most basic of routines.

HEDGE WITCH

Astral projection and other methods of communication are used by hedge witches to “leap the hedge” between the physical world and the spirit world. They are more adept at communicating between the two worlds than ordinary witches.

The Hedge Witch is a very individualistic and frequently solitary type of Witch that respects nature and has a developed talent for communicating with spirits and traveling across other worlds.

Due to their distinctive nature, hedge witches are really described in a wide variety of ways, although they typically combine elements of herbalism, healing, and psychic awareness.

Hedge Witchcraft may be for you if you have a kinship with spirits or a desire to lift the veil between worlds while exhibiting reverence for the natural world and the healing of others.

KITCHEN WITCH

Kitchen witches love to bake, cook, and serve new guests. They do a large portion of their magick in the kitchen or at home. Their magick revolves around the home, which provides a welcoming, nourishing, and advantageous atmosphere for everyone who lives there.

A pleasant and loving method that anybody may utilize to incorporate magic into their daily life is kitchen witchcraft. It’s not surprising that kitchen witchcraft has such tremendous influence on so many witches in the present era given that cooking has historically been the most vital job performed at home.

This path is really easy to begin with, and all that is needed are focused intentions and a clean kitchen, regardless of whether you already cook for a large family or live alone.

ELEMENTAL WITCH

The four elements of water, fire, earth, and air are a major part of how elemental witches practice their trade. They invoke the elements to help them with their witchcraft and combine these components with diverse objects that each correspond to a particular element.

The energies and structures of the five traditional elements of Fire, Water, Earth, Air, and Spirit are connected to the witches who practice elementalism (sometimes referred to as Ether or Aether). By concentrating on each element’s inherent properties and incorporating them into our rituals and spells, we can produce outcomes by using these elements to draw power into magic.

Elemental witches purposefully alter the experiences provided by each of the elements to choose the direction of their own energy and the course of their own daily existence. Elemental witches are very aware of the emotions, energies, and sensations that the elements present to us on a daily basis.

SECULAR WITCH

Witches who are secular by nature are not required to adhere to any one belief system because witchcraft does not. Secular witches don’t associate their work with religion or worship supernatural beings in an effort to harness their power.

Secular witchcraft is a beautiful form of witchcraft that approaches magic in a non-theistic way. A secular approach to Witchcraft is a wonderful place to start if you’ve come from a really strict religious structure or you want to restart your spiritual path from scratch.

The Secular Witch strives to come to their own conclusions about their personal power and leaves room in their practice for new ideas and ways of thinking. They may distance themselves from some of the more popularly referenced spiritual dogmas in the process.

However, this does not imply that Secular Witches are entirely devoid of spirituality. In witchcraft, you forge your own path, so follow your instincts and what feels right to you!

CEREMONIAL WITCH

The ritualistic element is one that many witches favor over others. These witches, also known as ceremonial witches, use ceremonial magick to call upon a variety of spiritual entities to aid them in their practice and spellwork.

In order to achieve desired results, Ceremonial Magic employs numerous protracted, intricate, and sophisticated ceremonies. It is a very structured method of achieving enlightenment. This type of magic is frequently referred to as “High Magic,” because it is extremely ritualistic, getting its routine from books from ancient times.

The rituals are carried out in order to summon and invoke spirits from other planes of consciousness to help bring about desired results in ours. If you’re really traditional in nature and want to learn how to control your physical environment via organized, traditional ritualistic practices, this path might be perfect for you.

HEREDITARY WITCH

One who is born into witchcraft in some form is known as a hereditary witch. They come from a long line of witches, and they have adopted and continued the craft.

The term “hereditary witch” refers to a witch that follows folk magic or witchcraft customs that have been passed down through their family’s generations. Hereditary witchcraft is frequently practiced as a form of cultural expression as well, honoring ancestry while adhering to the customs and rituals of that culture’s deity.

If someone claims to be a “Hereditary Witch,” it most likely means that their parents first taught them the trade when they were very young, and the bloodline may even extend farther back through subsequent generations.

COSMIC WITCH

Cosmic witches employ astronomy, astrology, and the stars to practice their craft and rely on celestial energy to give it strength and direction. The majority of cosmic witches are fascinated by cosmic happenings.

The Cosmic Witch is a type of witch that works with the energies connected to the planets, celestial motions, and their accompanying movements. They have a unique bond with the universe and experience an upsurge in energy when dealing with the planets.

Many Witches already engage in aspects of Cosmic Witchcraft, such as reverencing the moon and adhering to her cycles or using star signs to study and apply to spellwork to increase the potency and speed of those spells.

The Cosmic Witch regularly works with the planets, stars, celestial occurrences, and even celestial deities. They commit their time and energy to understanding the cosmos.

SEA WITCH

A sea witch works their magic while drawing strength and ideas from the moon and the water. Many sea witches are drawn to this form of witchcraft by its profound mystery and persistent force, and they frequently incorporate components of the sea in their rituals.

The Sea Witch is frequently a solitary Witch who honors a strong connection to how the land and the sea interact. The weather is always changing, the tides are constantly changing due to the moon, and there are very active energies at work along the coast.

The element of water naturally plays a significant role in the work of the Sea Witch since they deal with the interaction of the elements in places where land meets the sea.

DIANIC WITCH

The Maiden, the Mother, and the Crone are the three incarnations of Diana that Dianic witches revere. Typical Dianic witches strongly hold feminist beliefs and incorporate them into their work.

A subset of witchcraft known as Dianic embraces and praises the divine feminine in all facets of nature and beyond. Zsuzsanna Budapest created the Witchcraft movement.

Although it is not specifically recognized as a Wiccan tradition, Dianic Witches engage in many of the same rituals and ceremonies as conventional Wicca.

WICCAN WITCH

A witch who follows the contemporary paganism of Wicca is known as a Wiccan witch. Wicca is a religion that Gerald Gardner first established. Even while witchcraft might be a part of religious beliefs, it is not a religion and needs to be treated equally in the law.

ALEXANDRIAN WITCH

The Wiccan practice known as Alexandrian witchcraft was started in the 1960s by Alex and Maxine Sanders. Gardnerian Wicca and Alexandrian Wicca have many similarities, and Alexandrian Wicca is frequently mentioned as one of the religion’s most well-known lineages in Wicca publications.

The Alexandrian Witch, who greatly utilizes both feminine and masculine energies equally during ritual, reveres the existence and abilities of both. Most of the ceremonial focus in this amazingly diverse kind of Witchcraft is on this relationship between God and Goddess.

Alexandrian covens gather at Sabbat festivals, full moons, and new moons, so if you like the social component of your practice, Alexandrian Wicca might be a good fit for you.

GARDNERIAN WITCH

Gerald Gardner started sharing what he had discovered on his personal path in the 1950s, which led to the creation of the Gardnerian witchcraft School of Wicca. Gardnerian witches are typically deeply rooted in ritual and have strong ties to nature.

Gardnerian Witches take great pride in their ability to establish a direct line of teaching descent from Gerald Gardner, who popularized what is now known as British Traditional Witchcraft. This legendary way of magic gave rise to the Wiccan Rede, which many Gardnerian Witches base much of their practice on and which reads, “An it hurt none, do what thou wilt.”

The Gardnerian Witch respects the idea of planning an action before taking it, which is the fundamental idea of setting a clear intention before performing any ritual work. Gardnerian Wicca is a fantastic place to start if you’d want a nondogmatic approach to witchcraft.

BEGINNING YOUR CRAFT

There are a number of practices and many helpful magical correspondences that serve as examples of what a witch includes in their craft, even though there is no definition or defined standard of practice for witches.

This list is not meant to be comprehensive. Furthermore, not all witches must engage in these rituals. This list just illuminates the customs that witches have passed down through the ages and is intended to guide you as you begin your practice of witchcraft.

As always, be open-minded. Trust your gut. As you learn more about how to practice witchcraft, rely on the inner insight you were born with to lead you.

1. Animism

The term “animism” describes the souls, spirits, or energies that a witch might access. You can use creatures, plants, natural events, geographical features, and common objects to your benefit.

2. Divination

In divination, an object or artifacts are used to view things that are not visible to the typical person, such as answers to questions. To communicate with your higher self or inner spirit, interpretative techniques are used.

3. Herbalism

Herbalism is the practice of utilizing plants and herbs to get the desired result. Herbal remedies can be used as allies in both magical and everyday situations thanks to their benefits.

4. Ritual

Ritual is the act of performing a predetermined series of activities that are intended to produce a certain series of outcomes or happenings. Rituals are carried out when the desired result is required in order to produce the optimal result and a focused charge of energy.

5. Spirit Work

Spirit work involves learning how to communicate with spirits magically in order to eventually master both the spirit and material realms. Deities, ancestors (human or animal), or the particular energy or “vibration” of a plant or stone are examples of spirits.

SPELLCASTING & MAGIC(K)

Magic(k) and spellcasting are important ideas in witchcraft. This part will cover the definition of magic, its basic principles, the different kinds of spells, and how to use them. Let’s get started!

Magic

This includes casting spells, casting circles, imbuing objects, charging devices, and any other actions involving the passage of energy for the purpose of producing magic. Magic is simply actualization; it is when a person uses personal power, drawn power, and/or the power around them to affect change.

Different witches have various ways they prefer to express their magic, whether it be the manipulation of energy in addition to physical spell items, or performing a bit of folk magic as per tradition.

Magick (with a K)

Typically, this only pertains to High Magick or ceremonial magick. While completing a candle ritual for protection is considered lower-case m magic, magic carried out in accordance with High Magick’s principles and rituals is referred to as magick. Some of these techniques may already be a part of your witchcraft regimen. Many witches adapt and borrow ideas from various forms of magic, including ceremonial and High Magick, to utilize in their own unique traditions.

Magick is the science and art of causing change to occur in conformity with one’s will.

– Aleister Crowley

Laws of Magick

The Laws (or Principles) of Magick are principles that explain how witchcraft and magic function; they are not rules. The top 24 Laws of Magick are mentioned below. Here are a few brief and easy definitions:

The Law of Attraction

You will receive back from the world what you have given out. The phrase “I want kindness so I will give kindness” is an example of manifestation by intention.

The Law of Knowledge

The power of knowledge. The more you understand something, the more you can use it, and the more control you have over it.

The Law of Self-Knowledge

Knowing oneself. The more self-aware you are, the better equipped you are to control your own destiny and bring about change in your own life.

The Law of Cause and Effect

The secret is consistency. You will always receive the exact same consequences if you perform the exact same activity under the exact same circumstances.

The Law of Synchronicity

No such thing as coincidence exists. Though it’s feasible, it’s exceedingly uncommon for two events to occur simultaneously if they aren’t connected in any manner.

The Law of Association

If any two patterns share any elements, those shared elements operate as a medium for interaction between the patterns.

The Law of Similarity

Control over anything is made easier when it has a precise physical or mental representation.

The Law of Contagion

After being separated, things or beings in physical contact still communicate with one another. More interaction equals a stronger bond.

The Law of Names

One has total power over something once they are aware of its full and true name.

The Law of Words of Power

Some words have enormous power. The force remains even though its meaning is obscured. As an illustration, even if you don’t really know what your name means, it still has a lot of influence.

The Law of Personification

Anything becomes an entity when it is personified, or given a personality or the appearance of being alive. This has numerous advantages: Personifying something in order to use it as a conduit for a deity is one instance.

The Law of Invocation

It is possible to create internal communication with entities that are either inside or outside of oneself, with the latter appearing to be inside of the former during the communication process.

The Law of Evocation

It is possible to establish external communication with entities that are either inside or outside of oneself, with the communicating parties appearing to be outside oneself at all times.

The Law of Identification

A sustained relationship or interaction with another (person, being, entity, etc.) might cause one to transform into that person or thing, gaining their abilities or knowledge. Therefore, possession is conceivable.

The Law of Personal Universes

Only our conscious perception of the world around us can be considered reality (and within us). It’s likely that various people have varied definitions of what “reality” is.

The Law of Infinite Universes

Multiple realities can exist simultaneously, whether they are yours (as in “multiple/alternate reality theory”) or different from someone else’s (for example, you may perceive reality differently than your friend does).

The Law of Pragmatism

A belief system becomes “real,” “true,” and “rational” to a person if it helps them cope, survive, or accomplish their goals.

The Law of True Falsehoods

Two belief systems can be in conflict with one another and nevertheless coexist. Basically, just because you don’t understand something doesn’t indicate that someone else won’t either. This summarizes the three statutes mentioned above.

The Law of Synthesis

A new pattern created by the combination of two “opposing” patterns will be more accurate than the two individual patterns. In other words, if two realities are understood by two different persons, the new reality will be more “true” or reasonable/comprehensible because it applies to more realities and may, thus, be accepted by a larger number of people.

The Law of Polarity

Any pattern of data can be divided into (at least) two “opposing” traits, each of which will have a core component of the other.

The Law of Opposites

By describing what it is not, the “opposite” of anything provides information about the original object. Because you now know about it, even if through its opposite, you have control or power over it. This illustrates once more how interrelated everything in the universe is.

The Law of Dynamic Balance

The key is balance. To experience all that life has to offer and live life to the fullest, one must allow themselves to refrain from extremes.

The Law of Perversity

Murphy’s Law. Anything that may go wrong will do so. Self-awareness and emotional stability can help keep things from spiraling out of control.

The Law of Unity

Every phenomenon that exists has some connection to every other phenomenon, whether it be in the past, present, or future.

Most Common Spell Types

You have access to many different sorts of spells. The most popular spells include those for full or new moons, protection, love, money, healing, banishment, and binding.

Remember that spells are highly individualized and potent objects as you explore them and consider casting them for yourself. Cast with care.

Protection Spells

A protection spell can be the greatest choice for you at that particular time if you sense that unfavorable or bad energy is starting to permeate your home or heart, or if a spirit or person has evil intentions toward you.

There are numerous protection spells you may cast from the comfort of your own home to help you achieve your goals, but I implore you to find the one that gives you the greatest confidence and uplifts you while you utilize protection Magic to ward off bad energy.

Banishing Spells

Because it gives us the ability to defend our energies and selves from bad persons and intentions, banishing is a regular practice for many witches. By casting banishment spells like these, we reclaim control over our lives and alter the course of events that might negatively impact us.

Binding Spells

Because they can influence the unfavorable forces, people, and circumstances that are preventing us from moving forward in life, binding spells are great to know. These spells are created to assist you in tying up those negative emotions so you may go on with your life. One of the best locations to employ sigils and symbols is in protection magic, therefore practice using them there.

Love Spells

Due to the intense emotions that surround love, Love Magic is strong. Employing spells to bring about the changes you want to see in the world, you can work your magic by using these strong tools, such as spell jars, candle magic, etc., as well as your thoughts and emotions.

By utilizing the strong intentions contained therein and a lot of candle magic, these spells are intended to help you attract love and romance.

Money Spells

Many people find the topic of money to be difficult, but many witches find freedom in the use of money magic. When we use the power of will to manifest greater plenty for ourselves, it comes to us in unexpected ways.

These spells are usually very herb-heavy to boost the efficiency of your spellwork and are wonderful for attracting that which you want most in terms of abundance.

Healing Spells

We all require healing at some point in our lives. When casting spells, it’s crucial to focus on the mind, body, and spirit, respectively. The healing energies you want to bring into your life and the lives of people you want to heal can be attracted through these spells.

Full Moon Spells

As witches, we profoundly experience the power of full moons, blue moons, harvest moons, and other types, and performing rituals and casting spells during a full moon can give our work a lot of power.

Moon magic has great power! Throughout the cycle, you can practice these spells during the full moon to bring the power of the moon below.

New Moon Spells

A new beginning can be started in your life by using new moon magic. These spells are straightforward and merely call for you to utilize the new moon’s energy.

How to Cast a Spell

In the world of witchcraft and magic, you might need to instigate change or control events to achieve your goals. The tools used to bring about this alteration are known as spells.

A spell can be any combination of words, deeds, and thoughts with the deliberate goal to change a circumstance by infusing fresh energy or influencing the dynamics of already existing energy.

Put simply, a spell includes three areas of focus to bring about desired change: the will, the intention, and the declaration. Contrary to popular opinion, casting a spell doesn’t require a lot of sophisticated ingredients! Although it is not required, using ingredients or making a sacred location can help when casting spells.

We’ve listed the three necessary steps for casting a spell here, along with the (optional) procedures of gathering materials & preparing a space:

1. Gather the Will

Your intention is driven by your will. It is what initiates the spell and distinguishes a spell from a wish. While a wish is only to hope, a will entails actual effort.

2. Set the Intention

Your spell’s intention is the result you hope to achieve. You can define the spell and acquire powerful ingredients to increase its strength by really understanding your intention.

2. Collect Your Ingredients*

If you want to use tools and ingredients in your magic, gather them in advance by matching your intention to things that emit the energy your spell calls for.

You can utilize herbs, candles, teas, smoke wands or incense, moon water, and other objects that make you happy however you see fit!

3. Set Your Space*

The majority of witches prefer to prepare a sacred place before casting their charms. Many people find a home altar to be ideal, while others prefer to perform their magic outdoors. In any case, having a peaceful, uncluttered, purified, and secure environment can be beneficial.

4. Declare & Visualize

Turn your focus within to establish a place within which you may operate so that you can communicate with your higher self. Transform the world you are currently aware of into the one your spirit resides in. Call on Deities, Spirits, or other energetic beings to help you with your magic if you work with them in other places.

Spells function in accordance with your intentions thanks to energy manipulation. Raise the energy around your intention by gathering your will and generating or raising your energy.  Draw strength from within and transfer it into your spellwork.

Declaratory language is the precise language utilized to achieve your goal. Use affirmations that are simple to remember and visualize the result as it happens both internally and outside.

Recite your spell while incorporating your accumulated energy. Concentrate intently on the goal you want to manifest, and as you see it happening, feel the powerful feelings that its fulfillment will bring about in your life and the lives of others.

Important Spell Work Tips

Now that you are aware of the fundamental procedures for casting spells, let’s discuss some factors you ought to think about before starting any spellwork:

• Candle Associations & Fire Safety: You are aware of the best candle size and color to burn for your spell. It’s also crucial to understand how to anoint candles, keep an eye out for potential fire threats, and recognize everyday encounters that could influence how your candle behaves.
• Crystal Care: You are aware of the crystals that will strengthen your intentions as well as those that are resistant to fading in the sun, water, and salt.
• Herbal Awareness & Safety: You are aware of the ideal herbs for a variety of spells, as well as which herbs should not be consumed, inhaled, or burned.
• Mundane Interactions: You are aware, as a witch, that the mundane world can obstruct your spellcasting.
• Sigils & Activation: You are knowledgeable as to what sigils are, how they help you achieve your goals, and how to use them effectively.
• Spellcraft: You are familiar with the tools to use, the ingredients needed, and the proper assembly procedures because you are versed in the spell’s construction. So to speak, you are familiarized with the spell’s requirements and instructions.

DAILY WITCHCRAFT PRACTICES

Witchcraft may be simply included in your everyday routines, morning, day, and night, no matter how busy you are or what your schedule looks like!

It doesn’t have to be incredibly difficult to practice your profession and apply it to your actual, everyday life. If you want to maintain your connection to your personal craft and add a little bit of enchantment to your days, try these everyday witchcraft rituals:

• Meditate for 5-20 minutes
• Read tarot/runes/scry/etc. for 10 minutes
• Cleanse yourself and your room
• Read a witchcraft book for 10+ minutes
• Wear a crystal
• Pray to your deities/give offerings to important spirits in your life
• Journal in your Book of Shadows or Grimoire

5 THINGS EVERY NEW WITCH SHOULD KNOW

There is no manual for becoming a witch. There is no First Church of Mother Earth, no Ten Commandments of Witchcraft, and no Temple Beth Herne.

No one tells you what to do, which is both its beauty and its challenge. However, there are a few things you should be aware of before beginning this route:

Forget What You’ve Learned

Unlearn to learn. Let me let you in on a little secret: witches, more than anyone, adore movies and television shows about witches.

It’s a lot of fun to watch movies like The Craft and TV episodes like Buffy and The Chilling Adventures of Sabrina. However, the witchcraft and spells they demonstrate are not authentic.

For example, even if you had the ability to flick your desire like Harry Potter, you will never be able to teleport somewhere else. The theatrical portrayals of witchcraft in popular culture are unrepresentative of real witchcraft because spells have effects the same as other actions.

Know Yourself

Spend some time reflecting on your goals and really examining your heart and spirit. You should connect with your own spirit as well as the universe through your altar, which you may (and should!) do. You’ll find it simpler to concentrate your intent if you have a deeper understanding of who you are.

Open Your Mind & Heart

Witches come in different shapes and sizes: Cosmic Witches, Hedge Witches, Eclectic Witches, and more! Truth can be found anywhere. Allow wisdom from all directions.

Start Your Own Book of Shadows

A book called a Book of Shadows contains spells, rituals, and other hidden information. Consider it to be somewhat like a logbook of your magical adventures. It doesn’t have to be fancy; a plain notebook would do.

However, because it’s significant, you should treat it with respect. If you want, you can decorate it with artwork, photos, and other materials significant to you in terms of witchcraft and magic.

Walk Your Own Path

By becoming a witch, you are embarking on a beautiful journey. There isn’t a guidebook or recipe for you to follow. The form that your witchcraft will take is entirely up to you.

So, take risks, experiment with new spells and rituals, and spend time in solitude. You will be led in the right direction by your spirit. There is no place in the universe where magic does not exist. You will start to notice witchcraft all around you once you begin using it.

COMMON QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

As they begin their path, new witches have a ton of questions. To answer any questions you may still have, we’ll try to address the most frequent ones in this section.

Why Am I Attracted to Witchcraft?

This question frequently displays the unpleasant stigma associated with being able to confidently pick one’s own spiritual path.

Because witchcraft is regarded as “devil worship” or taboo, people (including yourself!) frequently feel embarrassed about their affinity to it. It’s neither of these things, and if you’re drawn to witchcraft it’s because you’re eager to start your own path to strength, freedom, and a better way, whether that path includes witchcraft or something else entirely.

Are Wicca and Witchcraft the Same?

No. Witchcraft is a liberating, adaptable, and strong method of interacting with the forces, ghosts, and natural components of our environment. There is no manual, framework, detailed instruction manual, or governing organization that prescribes how and what we practice. Wicca is an organized tradition of witchcraft and a great way to get started as one, however neither Wicca nor any other organized tradition defines witchcraft.

Is Witchcraft Evil?

Are you evil? In that case, your witchcraft might be. Evil is a human idea for people who are incredibly immoral and decidedly wicked. This description doesn’t fit any real witches I’ve ever encountered.

Can Anyone Be a Witch?

Yes! Anyone can be a witch and all are welcome, even though some are more suitable for the craft than others. You’ll rank right up there with the finest of witches if you have an open mind, share your life experience, and give back whenever you can.

I Tried a Spell and It Didn’t Work, What Now?

Remain patient! There is no one correct way to cast spells, and it’s possible that you’re still developing your inner strength. Visit this page’s “how to cast a spell” section again, and get well-versed in the suggestions made there. Magic is amazing because it frequently operates in mysterious ways and manifests even when we are not able to perceive it.

Another little-discussed aspect of casting spells that is important to understand is when a spell fails or backfires. This doesn’t imply that you performed the spell improperly or without sufficient purpose. Spells occasionally just don’t work.

How Do I Tell People I’m A Witch?

The short answer is, you don’t have to.

Witchcraft is a very personal path, so it’s usually a good idea to only disclose the most private and intimate details of who we are with those we can trust.

You should always show your genuine colors and feel free to express everything about yourself, but keep in mind the many things about life and the natural world that still remain in mystery – they do not compromise their integrity in the quiet art they do; rather, they merely provide others who desire to pay attention the chance to gain from their authenticity.

EXTRA RESOURCES

Witchcraft Books for Beginners:

• Liber Null & Psychonaut: An Introduction to Chaos Magic // Peter J. Carroll
• Llewellyn’s Complete Book of Ceremonial Magick: A Comprehensive Guide to the Western Mystery Tradition // Lon Milo DuQuette & Stephen Skinner
• Practical Elemental Magic: Working the Magick of the Four Elements in the Western Mystery Tradition // Sorita d’Este & David Rankine
• Practical Planetary Magic: Working the Magick of the Classical Planets in the Western Mystery Tradition // Sorita d’Este & David Rankine
• The British Book of Spells & Charms // Graham King
• The Golden Bough // Sir James George Frazer
• The Kybalion // Three Initiates
• The Little Work: Magic to Transform Your Everyday Life // Durgadas Allon Duriel

Witchcraft Starter Kits

These witchcraft starter kits from Etsy are perfect for the beginner witch!

We’ve gathered our top 3 favorite witch kits built with the beginner in mind: each kit comes with specially selected herbs, candles, incense, crystals, and other magical goodies, containing everything you need to begin your new journey into witchcraft.

Beginner Witch Kit // Towne Witch Creations

Beginner Witch Altar & Starter Kit // Terra Luna Crystal Co

Super Witch Starter Kit with Guide // Oh Witch Please

DISCLAIMER:

Sage & Moon is a participant in affiliate programs, including the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program. We may receive a small commission at no extra cost to you if you choose to purchase through these links. Any product we choose is based on personal recommendations that we love and trust you will too. By using these links you are directly supporting us to keep writing + creating. Thank you!

The post Witchcraft 101: A Beginner’s Guide (2025) appeared first on Sage & Moon.

Before Latin became widely used throughout Europe in approximately the 1st century A.D., a proto-Norse language, known as the runic alphabet, was already in use.

Similar to our own alphabet used today, runic writings have been discovered on stone blocks, wood, bones, and other artifacts to record business transactions, judicial and political affairs, in divination and magic, on headstones as protection charms and talismans, as public art, and as the handmade glyphs of craftsmen.

The word “rune” derives from a Germanic word that means “mystery” or “secret,” and related words can also be found in Welsh, Old English, Old Irish, and Old English dialects. They occasionally also imply “miracle.” It can also mean “poetry” in Finnish and “to speak” in Lithuanian.

Today, we utilize rune stones as a form of divination, comparable to Tarot cards. Runes help us to access our inner knowledge and intuitive abilities as well as our Spirit Guides and the collective unconscious for unveiling hidden wisdom and guidance. The word “rune” actually means secret, mystery, and whisper. Like hieroglyphics, each rune has a meaning in addition to being a letter.

Because rune stones had a rich and magical past, they were revered and handled with the utmost care. The Norse and other Northern European societies believed that runes held powerful divinatory abilities and as such were regarded very seriously.

What is the Elder Futhark Norse Runic Alphabet?

The Elder Futhark runic alphabet is a collection of 24 characters, each with its own unique meaning and symbolism. 

The Elder Futhark runes, which are still frequently used today, were first completed as a whole alphabet in the 5th century A.D. The Younger Futhark stones, which the Vikings and other Nordic tribes later adopted, were then used until the Middle Ages. It is claimed that they are based on Old Latin writings.

The Elder Futhark runic alphabet’s 24 letters are arranged into three sets of 8 letters each, or “Aetts,” for short. Each Aett, which is associated with a particular Nordic Deity from Norse mythology, tells the story of a person’s life journey, from birth and worldly possessions to trials and tribulations, evolution and maturation to the completion of a cycle, spiritual awakening, and personal legacy.

Freyr’s Aett

The first Aett of the Runic alphabet is in honor of Freyr, the Nordic God of Peace. The Freyr’s Aett gets its name from the word “futhark,” which is spelled out in its first six runes, much like how we say “QWERTY” keyboard.

• FEHU ᚠ – Literally meaning “cattle”; the first rune is represented by the letter F
• URUZ ᚢ – This letter U stands for the aurochs, a type of prehistoric bull.
• THURISAZ ᚦ – This makes the sound TH and is translated as “giant”, “hammer”, or “thorn”
• ANSUZ ᚫ – The letter A; is translated as “message”, “breath”, or “God”
• RAIDHO ᚱ – This letter, R, stands for “path,” “traveling,” or “journey.”
• KENAZ ᚲ – This letter is K or C and it stands for “torch.”
• GEBO ᚷ – The letter G is translated as “gift”
• WUNJO ᚹ – The sign for this letter is W and symbolizes “joy”; represents a clan’s flag

Heimdall’s Aett

The watchman of the Gods, Heimdall, is honored in the second Aett.

• HAGALAZ ᚺ – This is the letter H; translates to “hail”
• NAUTHIZ ᚾ – The letter N; translates as “challenges” or “needs”
• ISA ᛁ – The letter I; it means “ice”
• JERA ᛃ – The letter J stands for “year” or “harvest”
• EIHWAZ ᛇ – This represents the yew/ash tree and is the same as the letter ae
• PERTHRO ᛈ – The meaning of the letter P is still unknown; could mean “luck” or “pear tree”
• ALGIZ ᛉ – This letter, Z, is translated as “protection” or “defense”
• SOWILO ᛋ – The letter S; represents the Sun

Tyr’s Aett

The last Aett, Tyr’s Aett, is in honor of Tyr, the God of War.

• TIWAZ ᛏ – The God Tyr/Tiwaz is represented by the letter T
• BERKANA ᛒ – The letter B symbolizes birth and means “birch”
• EHWAZ ᛖ – The letter E stands for “horse”
• MANNAZ ᛗ – This letter, M, translates to “man”
• LAGUZ ᛚ – The word “lake,” “water,” and possibly “leek” are all represented by Laguz, or the letter L
• INGWAZ ᛝ – This is similar to the -ng sound at the end of a word; it is related with Ing/Inguz/Yngi/Ingwaz, the God of Fertility
• OTHALA ᛟ – This is the equivalent of the letter O. It stands for legacy and heritage
• DAGAZ ᛞ -This letter is D, which means “day” in English

Additionally, a blank rune, called Odin’s Rune (more on this below) is occasionally included in a Rune set that was not originally part of the practice; its use is completely optional!

Rune Symbols & Meanings

The runic alphabet typically consists of 24 letters, but some sets also include a blank stone known as Odin’s Rune, which is believed to represent things that are still to be known. Three equal groups of eight runes each make up the Elder Futhark runic alphabet: Freyr’s, Heimdall’s, and Tyr’s (where “aett” stands for “family”). The cycle of life is depicted in these major groups.

Finding our way in the material world and acquiring material belongings are symbolized by the first set of runes, or in Freyr’s Aett. As a result, it contains runes that stand for things like vigor, communication, and cattle—the primary sign of riches in those days.

The following collection of runes (Heimdall’s Aett), which includes runes like barriers, fate, and harvest/abundance, speaks of our maturing and growing.

The last set of runes, Tyr’s Aett, shows how our spirituality and heritage are evolving. It has runes for things like birth, neighborhood, intuition, and inheritance.

There are many different possible meanings assigned to the runes since they are such an ancient language and because using them was a practice cloaked in mystery in a time before many people had access to written language.

In general, the following list of symbols and their meanings, divided by the Freyr, Heimdall, and Tyr Aetts’:

FREYR’S AETT

The first Aett of the Elder Futhark Runic Alphabet is Frey’s Aett. Freyr, the son of the sea god Njörd, was the lord of fertility, prosperity, and abundance in Norse mythology.

This is the Aett of the nurturing mother, the creative merchant, and the diligent gardener. Life, love, worldly pleasures, and satisfaction are all tied to it. The runes within Freyr’s Aett are often connected to themes of growth, creativity, and the cycles of life.

1. Fehu ᚠ – “Cattle/Wealth”

Fehu, the first Elder Futhark, denotes affluence and material goods, whether acquired or earned. It may indicate future prosperity, good fortune, and financial success. It may also be relevant to social achievement.

Even though not everyone chooses to interpret a rune’s reversed (“merkstave”) appearance, if you feel drawn to do so, its reversed meaning could point to the loss of assets or income, a decline in self-esteem, or other types of financial difficulties.

KEYWORDS: Wellness, wealth, blessings, and good fortune

2. Uruz ᚢ – “Ox”

The second character, Uruz, stands in for the wild bull. This stone symbolizes power, endurance, grit, tenacity, motivation, and resolve. It may portend a period of exceptional vigor, quickness, and health. It also demonstrates growing masculinity and power. When it is reversed, it could mean that you are losing strength, stamina, overcoming an obstacle, or that others are dominating you.

KEYWORDS: Fortitude, vigor, energy, effort, health, power, endurance

3. Thurisaz ᚦ – “Mallet/Giant/Thorn”

The Thurisaz Rune is representative of Thor’s hammer.

As a result, it symbolizes the willful force of influence or energy. It can signify defense or destruction, and sometimes great conflicts. This rune is known for its purgative, purifying, and cathartic effects. Reversed, the Thurisaz Rune can suggest helplessness, coercion, betrayal, or resentment.

KEYWORDS: Protection, difficulties, danger, defense, strength, assault, and power

4. Ansuz ᚫ – “Message”

The rune of communication is Ansuz. It denotes the arrival of a divine revelation or insight since it symbolizes the wisdom of the ancient God Odin. It can also signify sound counsel, knowledge, inspiration, clarity, and zeal. If it is reversed, it could be a sign of manipulation, deception, misunderstanding, or communication breakdowns.

KEYWORDS: Communication, wisdom, messages, revelations, signs, and visions

5. Raidho ᚱ – “Journey”

The rune Raidho means “ride”, “journey”, or “wheel”. This could involve both physical travel such as going on vacation or moving and spiritual travel, such as broadening your horizons and spiritually awakening.

Additionally, it may allude to perspective, evolution, and the cycle of life. Ritualistic activity and movement make up Raidho. It is the fusion of all facets of who you are. Inner consciousness and external reality are in harmony.

To walk your path beautifully and live morally is to be in tune with this lovely rune. When reversed, it can indicate a blocked road or opposition to starting your journey.

KEYWORDS: Action, movement, growth, perspective, progress, journey, and travel

6. Kenaz ᚲ – “Torch”

The flame or torch is known as Kenaz. While clarity and understanding are brought on by light, transformation is brought on by heat.

It stands for the ability to regulate and channel fire for light and comfort. As a result, Kenaz represents enlightenment and discovering your truth while being led by your own brilliant light.

This rune can mean that secrets will be revealed and something that was previously hidden from you will now be brought to light. You are on the right track to discovering your highest path, so don’t lose hope!

Kenaz also denotes wisdom, originality, inspiration, renewal, and vigor. Reversed, it might represent a lack of foresight, a creative block, blind expectations, or volatility.

KEYWORDS: Illumination, clarity, destiny, knowledge, understanding, purpose, perception, ideas

7. Gebo ᚷ – “Gift”

Gebo means “gift”. This powerful rune is a   sign of good fortune that suggests you have a variety of skills and abilities or that you’ll receive numerous favors from others. It is also associated with kindness, equilibrium, and good relationships.

The rune known as Gebo aids us in achieving harmony in our giving and receiving. It conveys acceptance, trust, and care in equal measure. It has no reversed meaning.

KEYWORDS: Benevolence, cooperation, blessings, skills, good deeds, service, support, prosperity, and fate

8. Wunjo ᚹ – “Joy”

Wunjo stands for victory. It stands for success and happiness, stability, protection, festivity, and a sense of connection or belonging.  It may also be a sign of harmony, wealth, or divine blessings.

Wunjo is a rune of celebration and collaboration, love and social groups. It can deliver light to a situation or help you adjust your thoughts so that you can discover the peace you desire. Sometimes, finding happiness requires seeing things from a different perspective. If it is reversed, it may signal sadness, loss, or isolation.

KEYWORDS: Joy, feast, festivity, comfort, community, achievement, gatherings, pleasures, and connectedness

HEIMDALL’S AETT

Heimdall was the Gods’ watchman in Norse mythology. Heimdall is primarily a warrior. He battles against immense obstacles while being vigilant at all times, displaying unwavering courage.

The Heimdall’s Aett is focused on wealth, prosperity, triumph, power, and accomplishments. If you’ve got a bunch of this Aett in a rune reading, you might want to keep an eye on things because you might not be taking the necessary steps to obtain your goals or not considering your actions before taking them – be aware of any hasty or half-thought-out decisions.

9. Hagalaz ᚺ – “Hail”

Hagalaz literally means “hail” – it is a representation of all the things that are beyond our control. Although Hagalaz’s assault can seem unjust and unpleasant, there are enormous benefits to be gained from this rune.

This unexpected natural disaster, which has the potential to destroy crucial harvests, is also suggestive of rapid and cataclysmic change. Hagalaz is a rune that, like The Tower card in tarot, depicts an inescapable shift that transcends human control. Whether or not this change is detrimental depends on our ability to handle it gracefully. Sometimes storms come to correct and clear our path. Hagalaz teaches us to emerge from our faults and learn from our suffering. This rune has no reversed meaning.

KEYWORDS: External forces, trials, transformation, and natural destruction

10. Nauthiz ᚾ – “Needs”

Our needs are reflected in Nauthiz. It has a  dual nature and is also known as the” need fire“. What are your requirements for mental, emotional, physical, or spiritual fulfillment and stability? How is your work-life balance?

After all, we can’t pour from an empty cup, so it’s important to evaluate our needs and any areas where we could potentially be deficient. Additionally, when you receive Nauthiz in your rune casting, setbacks, limitations, or deficiencies may be present. Now is a good time to work on keeping a calm, balanced, and patient headspace.

KEYWORDS: Deficit, need, restrictions, dissension, struggle, survival

11. Isa ᛁ – “Ice”

Isa stands for ice. All that is fragile and weak will expire in its very presence since it is a merciless rune, leaving room for the more powerful and unrelenting.

Although, the word “unrelenting” may be a bit misleading, as Isa seeks stillness, security, and the cessation of changes. It represents the Tarot card known as the Hangman, which emphasizes the necessity of pausing, waiting, and sometimes taking a break in to set things into place, even though it may feel like you’re frozen and stuck in a virtual standstill. 

Having to wait till we’ve thoroughly investigated the situation, learned all the facts, heard all the opinions, or just let nature take its course is what the Isa rune is all about. It may also be a sign of irritation or mental barriers. It carries no reversed significance.

KEYWORDS: Blockages, timeout, waiting, irritation, immobility, cessation

12. Jera ᛃ – “Harvest”

Jera means “harvest” and “good year”.  It represents tolerance and mobility in unison with the organic cycles of the universe. Moving in accordance with such life patterns gives wealth, happiness, and prosperity.

Jera embodies (and aids in) the effective conclusion of significant undertakings and affairs. It also symbolizes Mother Earth’s cyclical nature and the cycle of life, death, and rebirth.

If you don’t personally feel that you have many blessings, Jera’s appearance could signal that a breakthrough is on the horizon or that it’s time to reassess and show appreciation for what you have. This rune doesn’t have a reversed meaning.

KEYWORDS: Harvest, beginnings and endings, growth, wealth, life cycles, lessons learned

13. Eihwaz ᛇ – “Yew”

Yggdrasil means “horse of Odin” or “fearsome”. The ash tree, Yggradisil, which is sometimes claimed to be derived from the old term for yew- needle ash, is a symbol of The Tree Of Life in Norse mythology. 

As a result, this rune has an association with the cycle of life, death, and rebirth, much like the Tarot card Death. It can also signify divine guidance, protection, knowledge, insight, and a feeling of direction, representing the interconnectedness of all lifeforms.

KEYWORDS: Relationship, enlightenment, perseverance, divine knowledge, protection, natural cycles, cosmic consciousness

14. Perthro ᛈ – “Destiny”

Esoterically, Perthro is believed to mean “fate”, representing the fate of humanity and all that is still unmanifest. The dice cup, or fortune, is represented by this rune because it implies that events in life may depend on chance and hence may pan out well or poorly.

Practicing acceptance of one’s life and making lemonade out of lemons is the key takeaway from this rune. This would be comparable to the Wheel of Fortune card in the Tarot.

It can also symbolize the darkness and mystery of the womb and convey hidden meanings, secrets, and change. It is the disposition of being open to receiving revelations, foresight, and messages from the divine. Perthro can suggest a loss of faith if it is reversed.

KEYWORDS: Destiny, fate, chance, fortune, mystery, esoterica, fertility

15. Algiz ᛉ – “Elk”

Algiz, which is an elk, stands for defense and safety. As such, the Algiz rune is regarded as the strongest rune of defense. If you receive this rune, it indicates that you have the inner strength to realize your goals and that your spirit guides are leading and defending you through it all. 

Acting as an energetic shield, Algiz can be used to serve as an energetic shield to protect you from negativity. Awakening and a potent intuition may also be represented by it. Reversed, it can indicate a feeling of powerlessness; it might also be an omen or warning – caution is advised.

KEYWORDS: Protection, defense, natural instincts, bravery, awareness

16. Sowilo ᛋ – “Sun”

Like The Sun card in the Tarot, the Sowilo rune represents the power of the Sun. It denotes a period of happiness, prosperity, luck, and good fortune.

And just as the Sun brings life to all living things with its light and warmth, this rune also represents life force energy and procreation. Sowilo radiates brightness, warmth, and inspiration – it’s a reason to rejoice and might be a sign of your prosperity, good health, or elemental strength! It has no reversed meaning.

KEYWORDS: Happiness, life, fertility, justice, success, energy, creativity, inspiration, pleasure, prosperity

TYR’S AETT

The Norse Sky God Tyr stood for both justice and war.

Tyr is a sign of divine justice and moral values in both peace and conflict. This set of the runic alphabet signifies spiritual progress and understanding, courage, integrity, success, creating structure and discipline, law and retribution, and everything having to do with world affairs or governance. Tyr encompasses protection and triumph.

17. Tiwaz ᛏ – “Victory”

Tiwaz, the first rune of Tyr’s Aett, literally means “the god, Tyr”.  This rune conveys ideas of power that results from right and logical balance as well as the benefit of the collective as opposed to the benefit of the individual.

Tiwaz is dignity, morality, and the honorable course of action. It demonstrates your strong leadership abilities, moral responsibility, and ability to reason your way out of any situation. It may represent success, awareness of your true capabilities, and a readiness to sacrifice for others. It can represent obstructed creative forces, disharmony, and lack of desire when it is reversed.

KEYWORDS: Initiative, reason, success, honor, courage, fortitude, tenacity, and resilience

18. Berkana ᛒ – “Birch’“

Berkana is known as the rune of childbirth and motherhood, as well as healing, growth, and rebirth, both physically and spiritually. It suggests a new outlook and promising beginnings.

This rune symbolizes the Birch Goddess and so denotes creation and fertility not only real births (which is what it originally meant), and also the birth and creation of one’s personal endeavors, alliances, and revival.

It suggests the development of the mind and body as well as a capacity for regeneration and spiritual release. If Berkana is reversed, it may indicate strict control or increased anxiety.

KEYWORDS: New beginnings, birth, creation, new ventures, fertility, development, rejuvenation

19. Ehwaz ᛖ – “Horse’“

The rune Ehwaz represents progressive forward movement and literally means “horse”. Esoterically, this rune is said to mean “trust”.  It represents a forward pace and improvement with slow but sure progression. It can also demonstrate loyalty and teamwork.

Ehwaz is suave cooperation, recommendation, and collaboration rather than aggressive force. This powerful rune can help with common tasks like adjusting relationships as needed, making the most of a difficult circumstance, and locating resources in times of need.

If you see it upright in your rune casting, it can stand for practicality, adaptation, and flexibility. Reversed, Ehwaz can indicate unease, distrust, or discord.

KEYWORDS: Evolution, motion, balance, dualism, companionship, primal intuition, trustworthiness, support, and devotion

20. Mannaz ᛗ – “Man”

Mannaz, which means “Mankind”, is a symbol of humanity. It includes your sense of identity and how you relate with others.  It is societal harmony and collaboration, as well as our ethical and moral framework.

As the rune of the human intellect and logical mind, Mannaz is especially helpful for academic work, exams, and other mental activities. It is also a powerful rune for confronting issues that have an impact on a whole civilization or society, particularly those that have their underpinnings in the psyche. Reversed, it can represent alienation, deception, delusion, and manipulations of all kinds.

KEYWORDS: Community, personal relations, values, morality, the human collective

21. Laguz ᛚ – “Lake”

Laguz means “Water” and is esoterically tied to the subconscious mind of the collective. Due to its connection with the Water element, it is also associated with feelings and emotions, intuition, healing ability, and one’s dream life.

This rune symbolizes the power and initiation of life, and as such, it suggests a capacity for rejuvenation as well as sharpened psychic and artistic abilities. It’s also connected to secrecy, mystery, the cryptic, and the shadow of the psyche.  When it is reversed, it can signify anxiety, bad judgment, and spiritual detachment.

KEYWORDS: Insight, intuition, dreams, visions, secrets, mysteries, knowledge, creativity, restoration, instincts

22. Ingwaz ᛝ – “Fertility”

Ingwaz is the rune of fertility, representing the Earth God Ing. It points to fertility, virility, wellbeing, ancestry, family, and loose ends being tied up, as well as lineage. It has no reversed meaning.

KEYWORDS: Fertility, virility, inner growth, virtue, peace, harmony

23. Othala ᛟ – “Heritage”

Our ancestors’ spiritual strength, subconscious wisdom, and genetic lineage are all represented by the rune Othala.

It speaks of our divine heritage and the enduring legacy of our lives. It is about realigning our values with what is truly essential, as well as respecting and honoring the wisdom we have received from our ancestors who came before us.

This rune is also a symbol of collective abundance, success, independence, and aspirations. To reach such states, Othala advises that you must focus your energies on the objectives you wish to accomplish. Don’t give up, stay persistent, and have confidence in your capabilities. Remember, a flower cannot be rushed or forced to bloom before it is ready, and neither can fate. Have faith and be patient as you work toward your goals!

Reversed, Othala might be a sign of bias and unwelcome inherited problems. 

KEYWORDS: Inheritance, estate, abundance, legacy, spiritual growth, principles, reformation

24. Dagaz ᛞ – “Dawn”

The rune of the dawn and day is Dagaz, which has a misleadingly simple and clear expression. The shadows of fear, ignorance, and grief succumb to illumination, solace, and faith.

Dagaz’s design helps us grasp that matters are more complicated than they appear to be. Similar to The World card in Tarot, this rune depicts maturation and the conclusion of a cycle. There will soon be fresh starts, as well as potential for new discoveries, insights, and rebirths.

It symbolizes the ability of transformation to evolve. When you receive this rune, know that now is an excellent moment to start something new. Mostly as confirming, uplifting sign of assurance, stability, and trust, it does not carry a reversed meaning. 

KEYWORDS: New beginnings, light, day, enlightenment, awareness, transparency, optimism, harmony, evolution

25. Odin’s Rune (optional)

As previously indicated, some rune sets include an additional blank rune designating the Norse God’s (aka Odin’s) guarded secrets. It illustrates that we are not expected to know all of the answers or solutions in life, and that’s okay.

As a result, its meanings are obscure, mysterious, concealed, open to interpretation, and undefinable; when the time is right, the answer you seek will make itself known to you.

How To Cast Runes And Do A Reading

Historically, runes were more commonly utilized as a traditional, normal alphabet, just like Latin or Greek. If they were to be used in any sort of “mystical” way, it was often for the crafting of magical amulets and talismans, although they were believed to be just like any other letter, carrying no significant, special meaning of their own.

However, the art of reading runes still took place. In ancient times, it was considered to be a sort of divine practice, a communication with the Gods. In order to avoid humanly prejudice or bias from influencing a reading, rune readers would cast or draw the runes onto a white silk cloth while keeping their eyes directed upward towards the Gods. Only the runes that were facing right-side-up could would then be read; turned-over runes were often ignored. 

Today, choosing each rune stone based on intuition and arranging them into a “spread” is the favored approach for reading runes, which is more like reading a Tarot or oracle card.

You can choose classic runes carved onto stone or wood, runes on cards (which I prefer), or runes on various crystals. You can even create your own by collecting 24 items of comparable size, and if you can’t locate any, create your own out of clay, wood, or paper. Once you have your chosen objects, start writing, painting, or engraving a runic letter on each one.

You can use them as independent sigils or as part of a reading. Simply draw them wherever you like as a lucky charm, carve them into candles, add them to your spellwork, or utilize them in any other way you feel inspired to.

Below, we’ll go over the 3 basic steps of how to do a rune reading: cleanse your runes, think of question and (intuitively) draw, and then interpret!

How To Do a Rune Reading

1. CLEANSE YOUR RUNES

Like all divination techniques, it is advised to cleanse the runes of any residual energies before using them.

This can be achieved by exposing them to sunlight or moonlight, burying them in salt, or using smoke to purify them. Another way to create the right atmosphere for a rune reading is to light a candle, burn incense, diffuse essential oils, etc.

To ground and center yourself and to free your mind, take a few long, deep breaths while holding your runes bag in your non-dominant hand. You can also see a bright, white or gold light purifying the runes and your aura, or roots anchoring you to the center of the earth. To help, you can summon your guardian angels, your spirit guides, your higher self, your dieties, or any other source that speaks to you.

2. THINK OF A QUESTION & (INTUITIVELY) SELECT YOUR RUNES

Once you’re ready, consider the matter or question you’d like an answer for, and then remove the runes one at a time using your dominant hand while stating the precise query or problem they will be addressing beforehand, either aloud or in your thoughts. You can c hoose one rune to serve as a yes/no answer or scatter your runes out in a predefined order, known as a “spread”.

3. INTERPRET

After your runes have been placed in the layout you’ve chosen, analyze each one individually for both literal and symbolic meaning before combining them to form a message.

It can be a helpful practice to pay attention to your gut feeling and initial intuition before you seek their formal definitions. It is best to follow your intuition because rune stone interpretations might differ significantly due to their age. You can, if you’d like, log your reading and review it at a later time to see how it turned out or if any new ideas emerged.

If you’d prefer, you might also determine whether a rune is upright or reversed.  A rune casting can be performed to provide precise information or shine light on a particular circumstance.

Rune Layouts

• 3-RUNE SPREAD: This is the traditional situation-advice-outcome, past-present-future (also known as “The Three Norns”), or mind-body-spirit spread. Simply combining three runes is supposed to have enormous power because three was regarded as a sacred number.
• 4-RUNE SPREAD: This spread can help you understand a situation better. The first rune represents the past influences associated with the question; the second rune reflects the external factors or needs and wants of others that contributed to the issue at hand; the third rune denotes your current wants; and the fourth rune signifies the potential future outcome or guidance.
• 6-RUNE SPREAD: This spread is known as the “Runic Cross”. The first three, arranged horizontally, represent the past, present, and future; the following three, arranged vertically through top to bottom in order to create a cross-spread. The 4th vertical rune stands for the unspoken or underlying causes of the current situation, the 5th rune speaks of challenges or difficulties, and the 6th rune represents recommended action or advice.

You are welcome to design your own spreads or modify Tarot or oracle card spreads and use them with your runes to meet your needs best. After all, rune reading is an intuitive technique that will assist you in connecting with your inner wisdom – don’t be afraid to listen to your gut and create your own intuitive spreads or interpretations!

That’s all for this beginner’s guide on Elder Futhark runes! To learn more, check out our other posts on runes or other mystical musings, such as tarot or astrology.

DISCLAIMER:

Sage & Moon is a participant in affiliate programs, including the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program. We may receive a small commission at no extra cost to you if you choose to purchase through these links. Any product we choose is based on personal recommendations that we love and trust you will too. By using these links you are directly supporting us to keep writing + creating. Thank you!

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One of the first steps in understanding how to work with the Moon is knowing what phase the Moon is currently in. There are four main phases: new moon (dark/zero illumination), first quarter (half light/half dark), full moon (full illumination), and last quarter (half dark/half light). On average, a complete cycle takes approximately 29.5 days from one new moon to the next new moon.

The phases are one of the most iconic and important ways to track the movement of the moon; each phase has its own meaning and significance, which can be used as a guide when making important life decisions, tracking your menstrual cycle, timing rituals or spellwork, and more!

In astrology, the Moon represents the unconscious mind, your instincts, and your inner self. It has a profound impact on our moods and emotions, as well as our thoughts and dreams. Adding even further depth to the natal chart, the phase of the moon when we were born (not just the sign and house placement) can tell us a lot about our lives and personalities.

In real-time, the phases of the Moon can also influence how we feel about ourselves and others, which can affect our decisions and actions. In general, new moons and full moons are considered to be the most significant moon phases, while the other six moon phases are more subtle shifts in energy that happen over the course of each month. Throughout any given lunar cycle, the Moon is a natural way to keep tabs on your emotional and energetic state.

Read on to learn more about all eight moon phases and their spiritual meanings!

New Moon

The New Moon phase occurs when the Moon appears completely dark during its cycle. It marks the onset of a new lunar cycle, which means that it’s an opportunity for renewal and beginnings.

When the Moon is new, we feel like it’s a good time to take a break from all that has been going on before. This is a great time for personal reflection and setting intentions for yourself, or for the month ahead. As the first phase, the New Moon beckons you to start fresh and let go of the old so you can embrace all the beautiful things the universe has in store for you!

Waxing Crescent

The Waxing Crescent Moon is associated with growth because it occurs when the crescent is growing from nothing up to fullness (waxing means growing or increasing). You may have noticed this pattern in your life; every time you start something new it starts as a seedling — small, vulnerable, and fragile — but over time it grows into something more substantial until finally, it reaches its full potential.

Similar to the New Moon, this phase corresponds with new beginnings and fresh starts, and the waves of growth that ensue. You may feel motivated to make changes or start new projects during this time. The Waxing Crescent Moon is a time of hope and building upon the new foundations you set forth during the New Moon. It’s when you have an opportunity to evolve, make changes, and create something new. The Waxing Crescent phase is all about growth and encourages you to let go of things that are no longer serving you in favor of new opportunities.

First Quarter Moon

The First Quarter Moon occurs when the Moon’s illuminated half has moved past the boundary between Earth’s shadow and sunlight. At this point, the Moon appears half illuminated by the Sun and half in shadow. The First Quarter also means that the Moon is halfway done waxing (growing) to a full lunation.

The First Quarter Moon carries several meanings across different cultures and religions – in some cultures, it represents a time of renewal and beginnings. In others, it symbolizes wealth and abundance. And in some other cultures, it signifies strength and power, but also great responsibility.

Most often, however, the First Quarter Moon is associated with action: things are happening now! We must use this energy wisely if we want to reach our goals successfully. In this phase, we can expect things to be getting better. The Moon’s light grows stronger as it gets closer to full strength. This can bring out feelings of happiness and positivity in people, and it often brings on changes in behavior. People might feel more energetic or like they have more energy to do things they haven’t done before. They might feel more inclined to socialize with others or go out into nature if they’re feeling down about life in general right now.

Waxing Gibbous

The Waxing Gibbous Moon signifies progress: things are moving forward! You can see how much closer you are getting to achieving whatever goal or dream you had set out for yourself at New Moon. This phase has light, bright, and positive energy. Like the Waxing Crescent and First Quarter phases, the Waxing Gibbous is leading up to (or growing toward) the Full Moon, indicating expansion and growth.

The Waxing Gibbous Moon phase is a good time to expand on existing projects as it suggests that you’re ready for more in your life! During this time, you may find yourself feeling more energetic or productive than usual. You may also notice that you feel more spirited and inspired. If you have big plans for the future or are working toward any goals, now is the perfect time to make them happen!

Full Moon

The Full Moon represents completion. It is associated with abundance, fertility, growth, and regeneration. The seeds of intention sown under the New Moon come to blossom under the fullness of the Moon.

In this phase, clarity and awareness rise. It allows you to see things clearly without any distractions or obstacles blocking your path forward. You’ll have a clear vision of what needs to be done in order to move forward with ease. This lunar energy can also help you get rid of any negativity that may have been holding you back in some way or another; it will help you clean up any messes that need fixing so they don’t continue to cause problems down the road!

The Full Moon is also known to give us more energy than usual (this is why people tend to feel more lively around Full Moons). Since the Moon is brimming at its brightest, this can also be a time when you are more sensitive than usual. If something doesn’t feel right to you, trust your instincts!

Waning Gibbous

The Waning (or decreasing) phases of the Moon represent preparing for renewal. The Waning Gibbous Moon is the first of the waning lunar phases, which occurs after the Full Moon when the Moon’s light begins to shrink towards the dark or new moon. The Waning Gibbous Moon has been associated with a time of rest, relaxation, and completion. It may also be associated with endings, especially those that are emotionally or physically draining.

This phase symbolizes reflection, assessment, and release. Leading up to the New Moon, the Waning Gibbous phase through the Waning Crescent are ideal times for looking inward, taking stock of your life, and letting go of things that do not serve you.

Last Quarter Moon

The Last Quarter Moon is the second to last phase of the lunar cycle. The energy of this phase continues to guide us toward getting rid of what we no longer want or need in our lives and making space for a fresh start.

The Last Quarter Moon is associated with endings that may come as a surprise or from an unexpected source. You may want to ask yourself if there are any changes you should make in order to feel better about where you are now. Or maybe there are habits or relationships that could use some improvement? If so, now is an excellent time to start making those changes!

As the Moon nears darkness, it is a beautiful time to sit still and reflect on the things you’ve learned over the past lunar cycle, as well as what you want to learn next. It’s a time of catharsis as well as being open to new ideas. As you reflect on what is ending or being released, consider what new beginnings await you.

Waning Crescent

The last phase of the Moon is the Waning Crescent, which comes just before a New Moon (and therefore the start of a new lunar cycle). This is considered to be one of the most powerful times for inner healing and shadow work, as you may feel the pull to let go of anything that isn’t working in your life. The Waning Crescent is all about moving on and is a great time to clear out the clutter in your life — whether that’s physical or emotional — so you can make space for new things to come.

This phase is also a great time to connect with your intuition and listen to what your body and soul need. While the Waxing Crescent Moon can be a time of building up energy and starting new projects or cycles, the Waning Crescent is for reflecting on your actions over the past Moon cycle and making sure they are aligning with what brings you happiness in life.

Because you’re so close to a New Moon, this is a good time for beginning to get organized, think about what goals you might set for yourself during the New Moon, and get ready for your next big project. Think about what you want to accomplish and what steps you need to take to get there.

The Waning Crescent is also associated with the Goddess Isis, who was known for her wisdom and healing abilities. As you step into this phase, consider what wisdom you need right now — from yourself or others — and ask yourself what you can do to heal.

“Each moon phase has a specific energy and can tell you something about your current or coming month.”

The Moon is a beautiful, powerful force — and you can use its phases to your advantage. Whether you’re using the Moon’s energy to bring about a specific change in your life or as a way to focus your intention, knowing how to work with the phases of the Moon is a potent way to more deeply connect with yourself, others, and the rhythms of Mother Nature.

Each phase of the Moon has a specific energy and can tell you something about your current or coming month. While there are many more meanings behind the moon’s phases to explore, this article is a good starting point in your journey of learning about the magic of the Moon. To learn more, check out our astrological library!

DISCLAIMER:

Sage & Moon is a participant in affiliate programs, including the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program. We may receive a small commission at no extra cost to you if you choose to purchase through these links. Any product we choose is based on personal recommendations that we love and trust you will too. By using these links you are directly supporting us to keep writing + creating. Thank you!

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